1-Methylimidazole Market Insights 2025, Analysis and Forecast to 2030, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application
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Introduction
1-Methylimidazole is a derivative of imidazole, valued for its applications in pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, epoxy resin curing, ionic liquids, and other specialty uses. In pharmaceuticals, it is an intermediate for drugs like Remdesivir, while in agricultural chemicals, it supports the production of Diafenthiuron, a pesticide. It also acts as an epoxy resin curing agent and, when combined with triethyl phosphate, produces ionic liquids used as dehumidifiers in air conditioning systems. The market operates within the specialty chemicals domain, characterized by its role in high-value, technical applications. Key players such as BASF, Shandong DYCK Biotech Co. Ltd., and others lead production. The global 1-Methylimidazole market is projected to reach USD 50-100 million by 2025, with a CAGR of 4.2%-7.2% through 2030, driven by its diverse industrial and pharmaceutical uses.
Market Size and Growth Forecast
The 1-Methylimidazole market is expected to grow to USD 50-100 million by 2025, with a CAGR ranging from 4.2% to 7.2% through 2030. This growth reflects demand in pharmaceuticals, sustainable agriculture, and industrial applications like ionic liquids and epoxy resins. The market benefits from healthcare advancements and infrastructure needs, though it is moderated by regulatory and cost factors.
Regional Analysis
The market shows regional growth variations.
● Asia Pacific: Growth is estimated at 4.5%-7.5%. China leads, driven by pharmaceutical and agrochemical production. Trends include capacity growth, such as Shandong DYCK’s 2,000-ton facility.
● Europe: Growth ranges from 4.0%-6.8%. Germany and the UK utilize 1-Methylimidazole in pharmaceuticals and resins. Trends focus on sustainability and innovation.
● North America: Growth is projected at 4.2%-7.0%. The United States drives demand in healthcare and industrial uses. Trends emphasize drug development and eco-friendly solutions.
● Rest of the World: Growth is estimated at 3.8%-6.5%. Emerging markets show potential in agriculture and infrastructure.
Application Analysis
The applications include pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, epoxy resin curing agents, ionic liquids, and others.
● Pharmaceutical: Growth is estimated at 4.5%-7.5%. Used in Remdesivir production, trends focus on antiviral drug demand.
● Agricultural Chemicals: Growth ranges from 4.3%-7.2%. It supports Diafenthiuron, with trends toward sustainable pest control.
● Epoxy Resin Curing Agent: Growth is projected at 4.0%-6.8%. It enhances resin performance, tied to infrastructure growth.
● Ionic Liquid: Growth is estimated at 4.2%-7.0%. Used in dehumidifiers, trends align with energy-efficient technologies.
● Others: Growth ranges from 3.5%-6.0%. This includes niche uses with steady demand.
Key Market Players
The market features key producers.
BASF: A German leader, BASF supplies 1-Methylimidazole for multiple applications globally.
Shandong DYCK Biotech Co. Ltd.: With a 2,000-ton capacity, it serves pharmaceutical and agrochemical markets.
Changzhou Zhongkai Chemical Co. Ltd.: Operating at 1,000 tons, it focuses on industrial uses.
Linyi Mingpin Chemical Co. Ltd.: With a 500-ton capacity, it caters to regional demands.
Shanghai Holdenchem Co. Ltd.: Operating at 1,000 tons, it supplies specialty chemicals.
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
The competitive dynamics are assessed using Porter’s Five Forces.
● Threat of New Entrants: Moderate. Technical and regulatory barriers exist, but low-cost production in Asia may attract entrants.
● Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Moderate. Raw material costs impact pricing, though large players have leverage.
● Bargaining Power of Buyers: Moderate to High. Buyers demand quality, but reliance on suppliers limits their power.
● Threat of Substitutes: Moderate. Alternatives compete, but 1-Methylimidazole’s specific uses sustain demand.
● Industry Rivalry: Moderate to High. Competition focuses on capacity and innovation.
Market Opportunities and Challenges
Opportunities
● Pharmaceutical growth, especially for antiviral drugs like Remdesivir, boosts demand.
● Sustainable agriculture increases the need for 1-Methylimidazole in pesticides.
● Energy-efficient technologies drive ionic liquid applications.
Challenges
● Regulatory pressures on chemical safety raise costs.
● Raw material volatility impacts profitability.
● Competition from substitutes threatens market share.
Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 1-Methylimidazole Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of 1-Methylimidazole by Region
8.2 Import of 1-Methylimidazole by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast 1-Methylimidazole Market in North America (2020-2030)
9.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
9.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast 1-Methylimidazole Market in South America (2020-2030)
10.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
10.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast 1-Methylimidazole Market in Asia & Pacific (2020-2030)
11.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
11.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Asean
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast 1-Methylimidazole Market in Europe (2020-2030)
12.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
12.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast 1-Methylimidazole Market in MEA (2020-2030)
13.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
13.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary For Global 1-Methylimidazole Market (2020-2030)
14.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size
14.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Forecast (2021-2026)
15.1 1-Methylimidazole Market Size Forecast
15.2 1-Methylimidazole Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
15.1 BASF
15.1.1 Company Profile
15.1.2 Main Business and 1-Methylimidazole Information
15.1.3 SWOT Analysis of BASF
15.1.4 BASF 1-Methylimidazole Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.2 Shandong DYCK Biotech Co. Ltd
15.2.1 Company Profile
15.2.2 Main Business and 1-Methylimidazole Information
15.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Shandong DYCK Biotech Co. Ltd
15.2.4 Shandong DYCK Biotech Co. Ltd 1-Methylimidazole Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.3 Changzhou Zhongkai Chemical Co. Ltd.
15.3.1 Company Profile
15.3.2 Main Business and 1-Methylimidazole Information
15.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Changzhou Zhongkai Chemical Co. Ltd.
15.3.4 Changzhou Zhongkai Chemical Co. Ltd. 1-Methylimidazole Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.4 Linyi Mingpin Chemical Co. Ltd.
15.4.1 Company Profile
15.4.2 Main Business and 1-Methylimidazole Information
15.4.3 SWOT Analysis of Linyi Mingpin Chemical Co. Ltd.
15.4.4 Linyi Mingpin Chemical Co. Ltd. 1-Methylimidazole Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.5 Shanghai Holdenchem Co. Ltd.
15.5.1 Company Profile
15.5.2 Main Business and 1-Methylimidazole Information
15.5.3 SWOT Analysis of Shanghai Holdenchem Co. Ltd.
15.5.4 Shanghai Holdenchem Co. Ltd. 1-Methylimidazole Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
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Table Research Scope Of 1-Methylimidazole Report
Table Data Sources Of 1-Methylimidazole Report
Table Major Assumptions Of 1-Methylimidazole Report
Table 1-Methylimidazole Classification
Table 1-Methylimidazole Applications List
Table Drivers Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Restraints Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Opportunities Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Threats Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods Of 1-Methylimidazole
Table Cost Structure Analysis Of 1-Methylimidazole
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Merger And Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table Policy Of 1-Methylimidazole Market
Table 2020-2030 Regional Export Of 1-Methylimidazole
Table 2020-2030 Regional Import Of 1-Methylimidazole
Table 2020-2030 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2020-2030 North America 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 North America 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 North America 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 North America 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 North America 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 North America 1-Methylimidazole Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 United States 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 United States 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Canada 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Canada 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Mexico 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Mexico 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South America 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South America 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 South America 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 South America 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 South America 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 South America 1-Methylimidazole Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Brazil 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Brazil 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Argentina 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Argentina 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Chile 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Chile 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Peru 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Peru 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 China 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 China 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 India 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 India 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Japan 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Japan 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South Korea 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South Korea 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia 1-Methylimidazole Market Size List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia 1-Methylimidazole Import List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia 1-Methylimidazole Export List
Table 2020-2030 Australia 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Australia 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Germany 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Germany 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 France 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 France 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 United Kingdom 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 United Kingdom 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Italy 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Italy 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Spain 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Spain 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Belgium 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Belgium 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Netherlands 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Netherlands 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Austria 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Austria 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Poland 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Poland 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Russia 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Russia 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Egypt 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Egypt 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Israel 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Israel 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South Africa 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South Africa 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Turkey 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Turkey 1-Methylimidazole Import & Export List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Size List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Size Share List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume Share List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand Market Share List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Capacity List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Share List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Value List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand Market Share List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Regional 1-Methylimidazole Price List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Size List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Size Share List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume Share List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Application
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand Market Share List By Application
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Capacity List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Share List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Value List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand List By Type
Table 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Demand Market Share List By Type
Table 2025-2030 1-Methylimidazole Regional Price List
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure 1-Methylimidazole Picture
Figure 2020-2030 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2020-2030 North America 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 North America 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 South America 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 South America 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Europe 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Mea 1-Methylimidazole Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Capacity Production And Growth Rate
Figure 2020-2025 Global 1-Methylimidazole Production Value And Growth Rate
Figure 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Capacity Production And Growth Rate
Figure 2025-2030 Global 1-Methylimidazole Production Value And Growth Rate
Research Methodology
- Market Estimated Methodology:
Bottom-up & top-down approach, supply & demand approach are the most important method which is used by HDIN Research to estimate the market size.
1)Top-down & Bottom-up Approach
Top-down approach uses a general market size figure and determines the percentage that the objective market represents.
Bottom-up approach size the objective market by collecting the sub-segment information.
2)Supply & Demand Approach
Supply approach is based on assessments of the size of each competitor supplying the objective market.
Demand approach combine end-user data within a market to estimate the objective market size. It is sometimes referred to as bottom-up approach.
- Forecasting Methodology
- Numerous factors impacting the market trend are considered for forecast model:
- New technology and application in the future;
- New project planned/under contraction;
- Global and regional underlying economic growth;
- Threatens of substitute products;
- Industry expert opinion;
- Policy and Society implication.
- Analysis Tools
1)PEST Analysis
PEST Analysis is a simple and widely used tool that helps our client analyze the Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, and Technological changes in their business environment.
- Benefits of a PEST analysis:
- It helps you to spot business opportunities, and it gives you advanced warning of significant threats.
- It reveals the direction of change within your business environment. This helps you shape what you’re doing, so that you work with change, rather than against it.
- It helps you avoid starting projects that are likely to fail, for reasons beyond your control.
- It can help you break free of unconscious assumptions when you enter a new country, region, or market; because it helps you develop an objective view of this new environment.
2)Porter’s Five Force Model Analysis
The Porter’s Five Force Model is a tool that can be used to analyze the opportunities and overall competitive advantage. The five forces that can assist in determining the competitive intensity and potential attractiveness within a specific area.
- Threat of New Entrants: Profitable industries that yield high returns will attract new firms.
- Threat of Substitutes: A substitute product uses a different technology to try to solve the same economic need.
- Bargaining Power of Customers: the ability of customers to put the firm under pressure, which also affects the customer's sensitivity to price changes.
- Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Suppliers of raw materials, components, labor, and services (such as expertise) to the firm can be a source of power over the firm when there are few substitutes.
- Competitive Rivalry: For most industries the intensity of competitive rivalry is the major determinant of the competitiveness of the industry.
3)Value Chain Analysis
Value chain analysis is a tool to identify activities, within and around the firm and relating these activities to an assessment of competitive strength. Value chain can be analyzed by primary activities and supportive activities. Primary activities include: inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing & sales, service. Support activities include: technology development, human resource management, management, finance, legal, planning.
4)SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is a tool used to evaluate a company's competitive position by identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The strengths and weakness is the inner factor; the opportunities and threats are the external factor. By analyzing the inner and external factors, the analysis can provide the detail information of the position of a player and the characteristics of the industry.
- Strengths describe what the player excels at and separates it from the competition
- Weaknesses stop the player from performing at its optimum level.
- Opportunities refer to favorable external factors that the player can use to give it a competitive advantage.
- Threats refer to factors that have the potential to harm the player.
- Data Sources
Primary Sources | Secondary Sources |
---|---|
Face to face/Phone Interviews with market participants, such as: Manufactures; Distributors; End-users; Experts. Online Survey |
Government/International Organization Data: Annual Report/Presentation/Fact Book Internet Source Information Industry Association Data Free/Purchased Database Market Research Report Book/Journal/News |