Heart Pump Device Market Insights 2025, Analysis and Forecast to 2030, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application
- Single User License (1 Users) $ 3,200
- Team License (2~5 Users) $ 4,200
- Corporate License (>5 Users) $ 5,200
Introduction
Heart Pump Devices, also known as ventricular assist devices (VADs), are mechanical systems that support heart function in patients with severe heart failure, used as a bridge to transplant, bridge to candidacy, or destination therapy. They are critical for managing heart failure, driven by rising cardiovascular diseases (17.9 million global deaths annually per WHO) and aging populations. The market is characterized by its role in advanced cardiac care, with trends including miniaturized pumps, wireless monitoring, and biocompatible materials, and growing demand in emerging markets due to healthcare advancements.
Market Size and Growth Forecast
The global Heart Pump Device market was valued at USD 1.8–2.9 billion in 2024, with an estimated CAGR of 7.0%–9.0% from 2025 to 2030, propelled by heart failure prevalence and technological advancements.
Regional Analysis
North America grows at 6.8%–8.8%; the U.S. leads due to 6.7 million heart failure cases (HF Stats 2024), with trends focusing on miniaturized pumps.
Europe achieves 6.5%–8.5% growth; Germany and France drive demand through advanced cardiac care, emphasizing wireless monitoring.
Asia Pacific records 7.5%–9.5% growth; China and Japan are key markets, with trends toward cost-effective devices.
Rest of the World grows at 6.0%–8.0%; Brazil and India show potential, with trends centering on destination therapy.
Application Analysis
Bridge to Transplant expands at 7.3%–9.3%; it supports patients awaiting transplants, with trends favoring durable pumps.
Bridge to Candidacy grows at 7.0%–9.0%; it aids recovery for transplant eligibility, emphasizing biocompatible materials.
Destination Therapy rises at 6.8%–8.8%; it serves long-term patients, with trends focusing on wireless monitoring.
Key Market Players
Abbott Laboratories, based in Abbott Park, Illinois, USA, is a leader in cardiac devices, offering durable VADs. Abbott is developing wireless pumps and targeting Asia.
Abiomed, headquartered in Danvers, Massachusetts, USA, provides miniaturized pumps, known for innovation. Abiomed is targeting Europe.
Medtronic, from Dublin, Ireland, offers reliable VADs, emphasizing scalability. Medtronic is targeting Latin America.
Teleflex Incorporated, based in Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA, supplies cardiac devices, focusing on precision. Teleflex is targeting India.
SynCardia Systems, headquartered in Tucson, Arizona, USA, provides total artificial hearts, known for reliability. SynCardia is targeting Africa.
Fresenius Medical Care, from Bad Homburg, Germany, offers VADs, emphasizing patient care. Fresenius is targeting China.
Getinge, based in Gothenburg, Sweden, supplies cardiac pumps, focusing on durability. Getinge is targeting Southeast Asia.
CardiacAssist, headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, provides cost-effective VADs, emphasizing scalability. CardiacAssist is targeting Brazil.
Berlin Heart, from Berlin, Germany, offers pediatric VADs, known for precision. Berlin Heart is targeting the Middle East.
Jarvik Heart, based in New York, USA, supplies innovative VADs, focusing on miniaturization. Jarvik is targeting North America.
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
● The threat of new entrants is moderate; high R&D and regulatory barriers deter entry, but heart failure demand attracts niche players.
● The threat of substitutes is low; alternative therapies lack VADs’ life-sustaining capabilities.
● Buyer power is moderate; hospitals demand reliability, but large buyers negotiate pricing.
● Supplier power is low; biocompatible materials are widely available, reducing supplier leverage.
● Competitive rivalry is high; firms differentiate through miniaturization, wireless monitoring, and biocompatibility.
Market Opportunities and Challenges
Opportunities
● Rising heart failure cases (projected 11.4 million in U.S. by 2050 per HF Stats 2024) drive VAD demand.
● Miniaturized and wireless pumps enhance market growth.
● Emerging markets offer expansion as cardiac care grows in Asia and Africa.
Challenges
● High costs of VADs limit adoption in low-resource regions.
● Regulatory scrutiny for cardiac devices increases compliance costs.
● Intense competition pressures pricing for branded devices.
Growth Trend Analysis
The Heart Pump Device market is growing robustly, driven by heart failure prevalence and technological advancements. Johnson & Johnson’s acquisition of V-Wave on August 20, 2024, and Shockwave Medical on May 27, 2024, strengthen its portfolio. Supira Medical’s $120M raise on March 26, 2025, supports catheter-based pumps. The Valley Hospital’s DNV-certified heart failure program on January 8, 2025, and the world’s smallest heart pump launch on April 4, 2025, align with a projected CAGR of 7.0%–9.0% through 2030.
Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 Heart Pump Device Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of Heart Pump Device by Region
8.2 Import of Heart Pump Device by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast Heart Pump Device Market in North America (2020-2030)
9.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
9.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast Heart Pump Device Market in South America (2020-2030)
10.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
10.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast Heart Pump Device Market in Asia & Pacific (2020-2030)
11.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
11.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Southest Asia
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast Heart Pump Device Market in Europe (2020-2030)
12.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
12.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast Heart Pump Device Market in MEA (2020-2030)
13.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
13.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary For Global Heart Pump Device Market (2020-2025)
14.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size
14.2 Heart Pump Device Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Heart Pump Device Market Forecast (2025-2030)
15.1 Heart Pump Device Market Size Forecast
15.2 Heart Pump Device Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
15.1 Abbott Laboratories
15.1.1 Company Profile
15.1.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.1.3 SWOT Analysis of Abbott Laboratories
15.1.4 Abbott Laboratories Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.2 Abiomed
15.2.1 Company Profile
15.2.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Abiomed
15.2.4 Abiomed Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.3 Medtronic
15.3.1 Company Profile
15.3.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Medtronic
15.3.4 Medtronic Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.4 Teleflex Incorporated
15.4.1 Company Profile
15.4.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.4.3 SWOT Analysis of Teleflex Incorporated
15.4.4 Teleflex Incorporated Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.5 SynCardia Systems
15.5.1 Company Profile
15.5.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.5.3 SWOT Analysis of SynCardia Systems
15.5.4 SynCardia Systems Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.6 Fresenius Medical Care
15.6.1 Company Profile
15.6.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.6.3 SWOT Analysis of Fresenius Medical Care
15.6.4 Fresenius Medical Care Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.7 Getinge
15.7.1 Company Profile
15.7.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.7.3 SWOT Analysis of Getinge
15.7.4 Getinge Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.8 CardiacAssist
15.8.1 Company Profile
15.8.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.8.3 SWOT Analysis of CardiacAssist
15.8.4 CardiacAssist Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.9 Berin Heart
15.9.1 Company Profile
15.9.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.9.3 SWOT Analysis of Berin Heart
15.9.4 Berin Heart Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
15.10 Jarvik Heart
15.10.1 Company Profile
15.10.2 Main Business and Heart Pump Device Information
15.10.3 SWOT Analysis of Jarvik Heart
15.10.4 Jarvik Heart Heart Pump Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
Please ask for sample pages for full companies list
Table Research Scope Of Heart Pump Device Report
Table Data Sources Of Heart Pump Device Report
Table Major Assumptions Of Heart Pump Device Report
Table Heart Pump Device Classification
Table Heart Pump Device Applications List
Table Drivers Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Restraints Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Opportunities Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Threats Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods Of Heart Pump Device
Table Cost Structure Analysis Of Heart Pump Device
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Merger And Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table Policy Of Heart Pump Device Market
Table 2020-2030 Regional Export Of Heart Pump Device
Table 2020-2030 Regional Import Of Heart Pump Device
Table 2020-2030 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2020-2030 North America Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 North America Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 North America Heart Pump Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 North America Heart Pump Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 North America Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 North America Heart Pump Device Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 United States Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 United States Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Canada Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Canada Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Mexico Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Mexico Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South America Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South America Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 South America Heart Pump Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 South America Heart Pump Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 South America Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 South America Heart Pump Device Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Brazil Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Brazil Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Argentina Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Argentina Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Chile Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Chile Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Peru Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Peru Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 China Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 China Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 India Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 India Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Japan Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Japan Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South Korea Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South Korea Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia Heart Pump Device Market Size List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia Heart Pump Device Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia Heart Pump Device Import List
Table 2020-2030 Southeast Asia Heart Pump Device Export List
Table 2020-2030 Australia Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Australia Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Europe Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Europe Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Europe Heart Pump Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Europe Heart Pump Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Europe Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Europe Heart Pump Device Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Germany Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Germany Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 France Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 France Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 United Kingdom Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 United Kingdom Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Italy Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Italy Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Spain Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Spain Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Belgium Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Belgium Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Netherlands Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Netherlands Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Austria Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Austria Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Poland Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Poland Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Russia Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Russia Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Mea Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Mea Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Mea Heart Pump Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Mea Heart Pump Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2020-2030 Mea Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Mea Heart Pump Device Price List By Type
Table 2020-2030 Egypt Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Egypt Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Israel Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Israel Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 South Africa Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 South Africa Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2030 Turkey Heart Pump Device Market Size And Market Volume List
Table 2020-2030 Turkey Heart Pump Device Import & Export List
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size Share List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume Share List By Region
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Demand Market Share List By Application
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Demand Market Share List By Type
Table 2020-2025 Regional Heart Pump Device Price List
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size Share List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume Share List By Region
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Demand List By Application
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Demand Market Share List By Application
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Demand List By Type
Table 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Demand Market Share List By Type
Table 2025-2030 Heart Pump Device Regional Price List
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure Heart Pump Device Picture
Figure 2020-2030 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2020-2030 North America Heart Pump Device Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 North America Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 South America Heart Pump Device Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 South America Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Asia & Pacific Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Europe Heart Pump Device Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Europe Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Mea Heart Pump Device Market Size And Cagr
Figure 2020-2030 Mea Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Cagr
Figure 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Growth Rate
Figure 2020-2025 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size And Growth Rate
Figure 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Volume And Growth Rate
Figure 2025-2030 Global Heart Pump Device Market Size And Growth Rate
Research Methodology
- Market Estimated Methodology:
Bottom-up & top-down approach, supply & demand approach are the most important method which is used by HDIN Research to estimate the market size.
1)Top-down & Bottom-up Approach
Top-down approach uses a general market size figure and determines the percentage that the objective market represents.
Bottom-up approach size the objective market by collecting the sub-segment information.
2)Supply & Demand Approach
Supply approach is based on assessments of the size of each competitor supplying the objective market.
Demand approach combine end-user data within a market to estimate the objective market size. It is sometimes referred to as bottom-up approach.
- Forecasting Methodology
- Numerous factors impacting the market trend are considered for forecast model:
- New technology and application in the future;
- New project planned/under contraction;
- Global and regional underlying economic growth;
- Threatens of substitute products;
- Industry expert opinion;
- Policy and Society implication.
- Analysis Tools
1)PEST Analysis
PEST Analysis is a simple and widely used tool that helps our client analyze the Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, and Technological changes in their business environment.
- Benefits of a PEST analysis:
- It helps you to spot business opportunities, and it gives you advanced warning of significant threats.
- It reveals the direction of change within your business environment. This helps you shape what you’re doing, so that you work with change, rather than against it.
- It helps you avoid starting projects that are likely to fail, for reasons beyond your control.
- It can help you break free of unconscious assumptions when you enter a new country, region, or market; because it helps you develop an objective view of this new environment.
2)Porter’s Five Force Model Analysis
The Porter’s Five Force Model is a tool that can be used to analyze the opportunities and overall competitive advantage. The five forces that can assist in determining the competitive intensity and potential attractiveness within a specific area.
- Threat of New Entrants: Profitable industries that yield high returns will attract new firms.
- Threat of Substitutes: A substitute product uses a different technology to try to solve the same economic need.
- Bargaining Power of Customers: the ability of customers to put the firm under pressure, which also affects the customer's sensitivity to price changes.
- Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Suppliers of raw materials, components, labor, and services (such as expertise) to the firm can be a source of power over the firm when there are few substitutes.
- Competitive Rivalry: For most industries the intensity of competitive rivalry is the major determinant of the competitiveness of the industry.
3)Value Chain Analysis
Value chain analysis is a tool to identify activities, within and around the firm and relating these activities to an assessment of competitive strength. Value chain can be analyzed by primary activities and supportive activities. Primary activities include: inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing & sales, service. Support activities include: technology development, human resource management, management, finance, legal, planning.
4)SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is a tool used to evaluate a company's competitive position by identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The strengths and weakness is the inner factor; the opportunities and threats are the external factor. By analyzing the inner and external factors, the analysis can provide the detail information of the position of a player and the characteristics of the industry.
- Strengths describe what the player excels at and separates it from the competition
- Weaknesses stop the player from performing at its optimum level.
- Opportunities refer to favorable external factors that the player can use to give it a competitive advantage.
- Threats refer to factors that have the potential to harm the player.
- Data Sources
Primary Sources | Secondary Sources |
---|---|
Face to face/Phone Interviews with market participants, such as: Manufactures; Distributors; End-users; Experts. Online Survey |
Government/International Organization Data: Annual Report/Presentation/Fact Book Internet Source Information Industry Association Data Free/Purchased Database Market Research Report Book/Journal/News |